Lessons
-
Introduction
-
SEO
- Snippet's clickability in search engines
-
Indexing
-
Headings H1-H6
Images have the "alt" attribute.
The Title attribute of links
Content robots.txt
Duplicate "title"
Duplicate "description"
Human-understandable name of the picture
Rules for formatting text on a page
Micro-markup format requirements and recommendations
Validation microdata Google
Human-friendly link format
Errors in Robots.txt
The content of the site map
The site map file
Link formatting requirements
Hreflang tag
"canonical" tag
Spelling of interactive interface elements
-
Speed
-
Reduce the number of network requests
-
An overabundance of small pictures
Grouping CSS files
Grouping JavaScript files
An overabundance of font files
Redirects when uploading files
Availability of end-to-end CSS, JS files
Uploading duplicate files
Using JavaScript facades
Redirecting JavaScript code
Redirect from/to www version
Using sprite technology
The video player is connected correctly
- General assessment
- Configure the server
- Speed up the display of the first content
-
Reduce the size of graphic files
-
Minification of the embedded JavaScript code of the page
Minification of the embedded CSS code of the page
Minification of images without loss of quality
The total size of all images on the page
Font Optimization
An overabundance of monochrome icons
The presence of a monochrome font
Data optimization:Image URLs
Animated image format MP4, WEBM, SVG instead of GIF and WEBP
Cropping monophonic fields in images
Using the WebP format in images
Too high-quality images without using compression
Suitable video bitrate
Excessively large images
- Server performance
- Fix the locks
- Reduce the amount of code
-
Reduce the number of network requests
- Mobile adaptation
-
Software errors
- Code
- Mail operation
- Availability
- Server Settings
-
Convenience
- Text readability
- Interface
- Visual defects
- Interaction with other programs
- Image Favicon
-
Vulnerabilities
- Code
-
Server Settings
-
Uploading all page files via HTTPS
Strict-https header for increased security
Private access to service files
Encrypted IPv6 connection
Enabled error display in the north
SSL certificate validity
HTTPS Availability
Redirects to protected
Vulnerabilities of a secure SSL connection
HTTP headers for increased security
- Third-party services
Grouping CSS files
To download a file, the browser spends time on service operations: establishing a connection, sending a request, receiving a response, closing a connection. This time is constant and does not depend on the speed of the Internet connection. For example, with a very fast Internet connection, it will take 1 millisecond to download the contents of the file, and up to 100 for service operations. The execution time of service operations depends on the network latency — ping, and not on the speed of the Internet connection.
To speed up the site, programmers group many small CSS files into one large one. There are plugins that automatically group files.
For one page, it is acceptable to use no more than 3 CSS files.
Why enabling grouping can break a site
The reason may be a change in the order in which CSS files are connected. For example, your my_style.css file was connected inside the body tag after some inline code. Then, after enabling grouping, the files were merged into 1 and began to be connected in the head section. It turns out that the styles in the inline code have become a higher priority, because they follow the styles from the my_style.css file.
Why are not all files grouped
The most common reason is to connect CSS files via HTML code, instead of using the API method of your site management system.
Use the following code:
language-html
<link href="/css/my_style.css" rel="stylesheet`>
"`
instead of this:language-php
// For Bitrix
Asset::getInstance()->addCss(SITE_TEMPLATE_PATH . “/css/my_style.css”);
// For WordPress
wp_enqueue_style( ‘my-script-handle’, get_template_directory_uri() . ‘/css/my_style.css’, array(‘tmp’), ‘1.0’, true );
“`
Each system has several ways to connect CSS code. You need to use the one that suits the situation.
Below is an example of how grouping speeds up page loading:
<?php
if(isset($_GET['big'])) {
// Выводим сгруппированный, большой файл
header('Content-Type: text/css');
for($i = 0;$i < 100;$i++)
echo file_get_contents('10-kb-css.css');
die;
}
$mode = $_GET['mode'] ?? '';
?><!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<style>
.btn {
color: #000;
display: inline-block;
margin-bottom: 5px;
text-decoration: none;
padding: 5px 10px;
border: 1px solid #000;
border-radius: 5px;
}
.btn:hover {
background-color: #ddd;
}
.btn.active {
background-color: #000;
color: #fff;
}
</style>
<script>
window.addEventListener("load", (event) => {
document.querySelector('#page-load').innerHTML = 'Страница загрузилась (событие window.onload) за <b>'+(performance.now()/1000)+'с</b>.';
});
</script>
</head>
<body style="font-family: sans-serif;">
Режим: <a class="btn <?=$mode === '' ? 'active' : ''?>" href="./css_count.php">100 файлов по 10 КБ</a> <a class="btn <?=$mode === 'big' ? 'active' : ''?>" href="./css_count.php?mode=big">1 файл размером 1 МБ</a>
<br />
<p id="page-load">Тут отобразится время загрузки страницы (вызова события window.onload)</p>
<?php
if($mode === 'big') {?>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./css_count.php?big=1"/>
<?php
} else {
for($i = 0; $i < 100;++$i) { ?>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=<?=microtime(true).'.'.$i?>"/>
<?php }
}?>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<style>
.btn {
color: #000;
display: inline-block;
margin-bottom: 5px;
text-decoration: none;
padding: 5px 10px;
border: 1px solid #000;
border-radius: 5px;
}
.btn:hover {
background-color: #ddd;
}
.btn.active {
background-color: #000;
color: #fff;
}
</style>
<script>
window.addEventListener("load", (event) => {
document.querySelector('#page-load').innerHTML = 'Страница загрузилась (событие window.onload) за <b>'+(performance.now()/1000)+'с</b>.';
});
</script>
</head>
<body style="font-family: sans-serif;">
Режим: <a class="btn active" href="./css_count.php">100 файлов по 10 КБ</a> <a class="btn " href="./css_count.php?mode=big">1 файл размером 1 МБ</a>
<br />
<p id="page-load">Тут отобразится время загрузки страницы (вызова события window.onload)</p>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.0"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.1"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.2"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.3"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.4"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.5"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.6"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.7"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.8"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.9"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.10"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.11"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.12"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.13"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.14"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.15"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4818.16"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.17"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.18"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.19"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.20"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.21"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.22"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.23"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.24"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.25"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.26"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.27"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.28"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.29"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.30"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.31"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.32"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.33"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.34"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.35"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.36"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.37"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.38"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.39"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.40"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.41"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.42"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.43"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.44"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.45"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.46"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.47"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.48"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.49"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.50"/>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.52"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.53"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.54"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.55"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.56"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.57"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.58"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.59"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.60"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.61"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.62"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.63"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.64"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.65"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.66"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.67"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.68"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.69"/>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.93"/>
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.97"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.98"/>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./10-kb-css.css?t=1773036787.4819.99"/>
</body>
</html>